初中英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)全一冊(cè)各單元必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)（魯教版）Unit1【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】1. be made of 由……制造 2. be made in 在……制造3. environmental protection 環(huán)境保護(hù)4. be famous for 以……而著名5. be produced in 在……生產(chǎn)6. be known for 以……聞名7. as far as I know 據(jù)我所知8. pick by hand 手工采摘9. send for 發(fā)送10. avoid doing sth 避免做某事11. everyday things 日用品【考點(diǎn)詳解】1. made of 由……制（構(gòu)）成，后接構(gòu)成某物質(zhì)的原料例：This skirt is made of silk.這件裙子是用絲綢制成的be made of/from/up of的區(qū)別（1）be made of 表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么，保留原材料的質(zhì)和形狀，制作過(guò)程僅發(fā)生物理變化例：The kite is made of paper．風(fēng)箏是用紙做的2）be made from 表示制成的東西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征，或原材料在制作過(guò)程中發(fā)生化學(xué)變化，在成品中已無(wú)法辨認(rèn)。

例：The paper is made from wood．紙是木頭做的Butter is made from milk. 黃油是從牛奶中提煉出來(lái)的3）be made up of 用……構(gòu)成或組成的，指人、物皆可，指結(jié)構(gòu)成分例：Our class is made up of six groups. 我們班是由六個(gè)小組組成的2. It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.好像全世界的許多人都在喝中國(guó)茶句型“It seems that…”意為“看起來(lái)好像/似乎……”，其中seem是連系動(dòng)詞，意為“似乎；好像”，句型中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，不能用其他代詞來(lái)替代例：It seems that he was late for the train. 看來(lái)他沒(méi)趕上火車seem的幾種常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）seem to do sth此句型可與“It seems that…”轉(zhuǎn)換例：They seem to find the way to the cinema. =It seems that they find the way to the cinema.他們似乎找到了去電影院的路了。

2）seem+形容詞例：My temperature seems (to be) all right. 我的體溫看上去正常了3）seem+名詞例： That seems not a bad idea. 看上去主意不錯(cuò)3. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing in factory.當(dāng)茶葉成熟時(shí)，就被用手工采摘然后送到工廠加工此句是由when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，are picked, are sent都是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)例：When the fruit are ready, they are picked and are sent to the market for sale.當(dāng)這些水果成熟后就被摘下來(lái)并送到市場(chǎng)上賣掉4. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.無(wú)論你買(mǎi)什么，你都可能認(rèn)為那些產(chǎn)品是在那些國(guó)家生產(chǎn)的此句為由"no matter +特殊疑問(wèn)詞"引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。

意為“無(wú)論….”，相當(dāng)于whatever例：No matter what I said to her, she still didn’t believe me.無(wú)論我對(duì)她說(shuō)什么，她仍然不相信我5. find out, 查出，找到例：The police are trying to find out where the boy got off the train.警察正在查找這個(gè)男孩是從哪下的火車find，find out和look for都含有“尋找、找到”的意思，但其含義和用法卻不同① find意為“找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)”，通常指找到或發(fā)現(xiàn)具體的東西，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是找的結(jié)果Will you find mea pen? 你替我找支鋼筆好嗎？ ② look for意為“尋找”，是有目的地找，強(qiáng)調(diào)“尋找”這一動(dòng)作例：I’m looking for my pen everywhere. 我正到處找我的鋼筆He is looking for his shoes. 他在找他的鞋子③ find out意為“找出、發(fā)現(xiàn)、查明”，多指通過(guò)調(diào)查、尋問(wèn)、打聽(tīng)、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”，通常含有“經(jīng)過(guò)困難曲折”的含義，指找出較難找到的、無(wú)形的、抽象的東西。

例：Please find out when the train leaves. 請(qǐng)查一下火車什么時(shí)候離站 Read this passage，and find out the answer to this question.【重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一. 概念理解1. 時(shí)態(tài)：在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言中，時(shí)態(tài)主要討論行為動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間如：He often helps me with my English. 他經(jīng)常幫助我學(xué)英語(yǔ)help這個(gè)動(dòng)作經(jīng)常發(fā)生often；故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）2. 語(yǔ)態(tài)：在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言中，語(yǔ)態(tài)主要討論句子主語(yǔ)與行為動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)① 主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者(執(zhí)行者)為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)如： The tall boy often hits his classmates （主語(yǔ)boy是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hit的發(fā)出者）② 主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的接受者（承受者）為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)漢語(yǔ)中常用“被”、“給”、“由”、“受”等詞用來(lái)表示被動(dòng)，而英語(yǔ)用：助動(dòng)詞be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成如： Chinese is spoken by the most people in the world（主語(yǔ)Chinese是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞speak的承受者）。

3. 語(yǔ)態(tài)與時(shí)態(tài)的關(guān)系：在任何一個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子中都同時(shí)存在語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)，他們是分析一個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子的兩個(gè)主要元素如：① He is looking after his sister at home. （此句為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)）② He is being looked after well by his parents. （此句為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)）二. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)最基本的句型結(jié)構(gòu)： be +及物動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞說(shuō)明：① be 有時(shí)態(tài)，人稱和數(shù)的變化② 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是及物動(dòng)詞；因?yàn)楸粍?dòng)句中的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，某些短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等，也可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)三. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的使用1. 當(dāng)不知道或沒(méi)有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，這時(shí)往往不用by 短語(yǔ) Mr. White, the cup with mixture was broken after class. (只是告訴老師杯子壞了，不知是誰(shuí)弄壞的，或不想說(shuō)出誰(shuí)弄壞的)2. 突出或強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，如果需要說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，用by 短語(yǔ)。

如：The cup was broken by Paul.四. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的變法： 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)之間如何轉(zhuǎn)換1. 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)2. 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的be + 過(guò)去分詞，時(shí)態(tài)要與原句保持一致3. 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語(yǔ)，放在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)里謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后，by 短語(yǔ)可以省略如果原句主語(yǔ)是地點(diǎn)名詞，在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中用in + 地點(diǎn)名詞作狀語(yǔ)五. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：am /is/ are +done如：Tea is grown in Hangzhou. 杭州種植茶葉Unit2【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】1. by accident 偶然地；意外地2. without doubt 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的；的確3. by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地4. look up to 欽佩；仰慕5. take place 發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)6. all of a sudden 突然；猛地7. divide…into… 把……分成......8. the Olympics 奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)9. the style of ……的樣式10. be used for 被用于……【考點(diǎn)詳解】1. invent v. 發(fā)明 inventor n. 發(fā)明家 invention n. 發(fā)明2. be used for doing 用來(lái)做…（是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）（這個(gè)短語(yǔ)的考點(diǎn)有兩點(diǎn)，一是used for的意思，二是for后面用動(dòng)名詞）Pens are used for writing. 筆是用來(lái)寫(xiě)的。

3. 給某人某樣?xùn)|西 give sth. to sb. I gave a pen to him. 我給他一支筆 give sb. sth.I gave him a pen. 我給他一支筆4. all day 整天5. salty adj. 咸的 salt n. 鹽6. by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地（犯錯(cuò)：make mistake，這些常見(jiàn)的短語(yǔ)大家務(wù)必要掌握）I took the umbrella by mistake. 我不小心拿錯(cuò)了雨傘8. by accident 意外，偶然（常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)，考的最多的是它的意思）I met her by accident at bus stop. 我在公共汽車站意外地見(jiàn)到了她9. not…until… 直到…才…（重中之重，這個(gè)用法非常重要?。㊣ didn't go to bed until I finished my work. 我直到完成我的工作才去睡覺(jué)10. according to +名詞，根據(jù)… according to this article 根據(jù)這篇文章 11. over an open fire 野飲12. leaf n. 葉子 復(fù)數(shù)形式 leaves13. nearby adj. 附近的14. fall into 落入，掉進(jìn) The leaf fell into the river. 葉子落入了河里。

fall down 摔倒 She fell down from her bike. 她從她自行車摔倒了15. quite 非常 adv. 與冠詞a連用時(shí)，冠詞a必須放在它的后面quite a beautiful girl 一個(gè)漂亮的女孩17. pleased adj. 表示外部因素引起人發(fā)自內(nèi)心的欣慰和愉快pleasant adj. 愉快，高興指天氣、時(shí)間、旅行令人高興愉快please v. 使高興18. battery-operated adj. 電池控制的，是名詞+動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)動(dòng)分詞構(gòu)成的合成形容詞。