翻譯三級筆譯實務模擬10Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英譯漢)Translate the following passage into Chinese.1（江南博哥）.? The government has finally grown sick of claims that GCSEs and A-levels are being dumbed down, it seems. In his speech to the Labour Party conference on September 26th, Ed Balls, the schools secretary, said he would create a new watchdog to oversee exams. The current regulator is to be broken in two, with one bit continuing to develop new syllabuses and qualifications and reporting to ministers. The other bit, independent of government and reporting directly to Parliament, is to guard against grade inflation.? ? Mr. Bails draws parallels with Gordon Brown's first big step when he became chancellor in 1997. Relinquishing the Treasury's power to set interest rates to an independent body is still, ten years later, regarded as his finest hour. Mr. Balls, as his chief economic adviser at the time, was one of the architects of that decision. Both men hope that the new exams watchdog will lead to similar plaudits.? ? Britain's secondary-school exam results have every reason to be upwardly mobile. The government wants voters to believe their children are getting a good education, so it is keen on high grades. Schools respond by shopping around among exam boards for the easiest syllabuses and tests, and directing pupils towards the softest subjects. Exam boards navigate between losing the trust of universities and losing the patronage of schools. And the individuals setting and marking exams know that harshness may mean fewer candidates in future.? ? The new arrangements may ensure that, in schools at least, bad exams do not drive out good. But they will have no effect on universities, where grade inflation is also rife. Three-fifths of all students now get at least an upper second, and between 2002 and 2006 the proportion of first-class honours degrees crept up from 9.7% to 11%.? ? There are also signs that the value of English degrees is being eroded on the international market. On September 25th the Higher Education Policy Institute (HEPI), a think-tank, published the results of a survey of 15,000 English undergraduates. It turns out that they spend much less time studying than those elsewhere in Europe. The average English student puts in 26 hours a week: 14 taught hours and the rest on independent study, compared with 29 hours in Spain and 41 in Portugal. Nor is it that English students are skimping on their studies to run to paid jobs ; students in other countries work harder outside university, too.? ? HEPI's director, Bahrain Bekhradnia, cautions against a simplistic interpretation. Hours taught do not equal hours spent learning, he says, pointing out that tailored tutorials for small groups are likely to transmit more knowledge than the lectures in enormous amphitheatres that are routine at some continental universities.? ? But neither can the results be brushed away, he says. Foreign students may go elsewhere if they think an English undergraduate degree is content-light and poor value for money. This would spell financial disaster for many cash-strapped English universities. In 2004-05, the last year for which figures are available, they received? 1.7 billion in foreign students' fees.? ? At first sight the results of the third National Student Survey, published on September 12th, make more cheerful reading. That found that four-fifths of all English students considered their university experience satisfactory. But Graham Gibbs of Oxford University puts a gloomy spin on even this. What these students may be satisfied with, he says, "is an education that makes comparatively low demands on them". That is perhaps understandable: most undergraduates are not known for their work ethic. But it is short-sighted, both for them and their universities. After all, a currency can only trade for so long on its reputation. 正確答案：泡沫破裂? ?政府似乎最終厭倦了對中等教育證書考試和A級考試正在沉淪的報道。

9月26日，英國教育部長愛德·鮑爾斯在工黨會議的發(fā)言中說到：他將組建一個新的監(jiān)管機構(gòu)以監(jiān)管考試體制現(xiàn)有的監(jiān)管委員會分成了兩組其中一組繼續(xù)開發(fā)新的教學大綱和標準并向部長匯報；另一組則不受政府管轄，直接對議會進行報告，該小組主要責任在于防范考試分數(shù)的“通貨膨脹”? ?1997年，在戈登·布朗擔任財政部長時，鮑爾斯先生助其一臂之力，邁出重要一步10年后，他放棄了財政大權(quán)，轉(zhuǎn)而對建立獨立機構(gòu)表現(xiàn)出極大興趣那被認為是他最美好的時光那時身兼戈登·布朗的首席經(jīng)濟顧問的鮑爾斯先生正是促使他做出該決策的設計者之一兩人都希望新考試監(jiān)管機構(gòu)也能受到他人的贊揚? ?人們有充分理由相信英國中學的考試成績大幅上升政府希望選民相信他們的孩子接受的是良好教育，因此，分數(shù)自然也就很高學校對此也做出相關(guān)反應，他們根據(jù)考試委員會頒布的大綱標準，到處選購最容易的教綱和試卷，并對學生的薄弱學科加以輔導同時失去了大學信任和中學資助的考試委員會茍延殘喘試題命題人也知道試題過于粗制濫造可能會導致很多學校在將來的考核中紛紛下馬? ?新的調(diào)整可能會保證，至少在學校里，差的考試機制不會將好的學生淘汰出局但新的調(diào)整對大學并沒有任何影響，因為大學里分數(shù)的“通貨膨脹”仍然橫行。

現(xiàn)在3/5的學生可以得到二等分數(shù)2002年到2006年間，獲得第一等榮譽學位的比例則由9.7%上升到了11%? ?同樣也有跡象表明，英國學位在國際市場上也遭受貶值9月25日，智囊團高等教育政策研究院發(fā)布了有關(guān)15,000名英國大學生的研究結(jié)果該結(jié)果顯示：英國學生學習的時間遠遠少于歐洲任何國家的學生在學習方面所花的時間每個英國學生平均每周花在學習上的時間只有26個小時，其中14個小時為上課時間，12個小時為自習時間而相比之下，歐洲大學生平均每周有29小時學習時間，葡萄牙大學生是41小時是不是英國學生將本該學習的時間都花在了尋找兼職工作上面呢?其實并非如此，其他國家的學生也在校外努力干起兼職工作? ?高等教育政策研究院院長巴赫拉姆·貝赫拉德尼警告說，對這個問題的解釋并沒有那么簡單他指出所有的上課時間并不代表學生學習時間他指出：與一些歐洲大陸國家慣常的露天廣場下的講座相比，對小組學生量身定制的個別指導似乎能給學生傳授更多的知識? ?他還表示研究的結(jié)果也不能不做考慮外國學生如果認為英國大學學位的滿意度低且所創(chuàng)造的價值偏低，那么他們就會選擇去其他地方留學。