
尹繼友口訣英語知識速記
8頁尹繼友英語知識速記 湖北省麻城市第三中學(xué) 尹繼友英語詞匯量大,語法規(guī)則復(fù)雜,知識點繁多,大多數(shù)同學(xué)都為記不住而煩惱如何解決記憶的問題呢?方法總比問題多,同學(xué)們不能總等老師講方法或從書上看方法,要學(xué)會自己創(chuàng)造方法有的同學(xué)可能要說,我是學(xué)生,又不是專家,還在學(xué)習(xí)英語的初級階段,哪里有這能力!其實,學(xué)生自創(chuàng)秘訣是完全可能的,我讀高中時就曾想出了一些辦法來記住難記的東西總之,我始終認(rèn)為,教學(xué)中抓住空間英語相互聯(lián)系的規(guī)律,編成簡潔明快、瑯瑯上口的歌訣,學(xué)生頗感興趣,記憶挺快運用歌訣記憶英語,可以鞏固英語知識,激發(fā)興趣,也培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生躍躍欲試進行英語歌(口訣)訣創(chuàng)作的熱情下面我略舉幾例,拋磚引玉,一定會對同學(xué)們學(xué)好英語有所幫助一、 時,條,讓,方,地; 主語同,謂語be; 二者省略不可惜; 從句主語是it,??省去it’s也可以? 這個順口溜介紹了出現(xiàn)在時間,條件,讓步,方式和地點狀語從句中的幾種省略情況,具體含義如下:1.如果從句的主語與主句的主語相同,而且從句的謂語中含有動詞be的話,那么這些從句中的主語和動詞be都可以省略例如:While (they were)in Beijing?,they studied Chinese.(時間狀語從句)在北京期間他們學(xué)習(xí)了漢語。
He won’t come unless(he is)invited.(條件狀語從句)不邀請他,他不會來的Although(I was)criticized by the teacher?,I??didn’t?give myself up as hopeless.(讓步狀語從句)我盡管受了老師的批評,但沒有自暴自棄The boy is walking up and down as if(he was)in search of something.(方式狀語從句)/You should go where(you are)most needed?by the?motherland.(地點狀語從句)你應(yīng)該到祖國最需要的地方去2.如果從句的主語與主句的主語不同,但從句的主語是主謂結(jié)構(gòu)呈it is形式,那么也可以把it is一起省略例如:I??didn’t?notice it till(it was)too late.(時間狀語從句)等我注意到這事已經(jīng)太晚了Please come again tomorrow?,if(it is)possible.(條件狀語從句)如有可能,請明天再來Improve your composition where(it is)possible.(地點狀語從句)It is better to repeat a noun?,though (it is)unnecessary ten times than to have the pronoun mistaken once.(讓步狀語從句)把一個名詞重復(fù)十次盡管沒有必要但也比使用代詞而被人誤解一次要好點。
As(it was)scheduled?,they met on January 20at the Chinese Embassy.(方式狀語從句)他們按原計劃于一月二十日在中國大使館見了面??????二、 不定式主形被念, 難易輕重有貴廉, 合適有趣好危險, 痛苦快樂重要點解讀:英語中有些形容詞接動詞不等式的主動式表示被動意義,它們是: difficult(hard), easy ,light ,heavy ,expensive ,cheap ;fit ,interesting(fun) ,nice ( good ) ,dangerous ; bitter ,happy (glad), important. 即:不定式的主形被念,難易輕重有貴廉, 合適有趣好危險, 痛苦快樂重要點(點是為了壓韻而添加的)此四句可以將這類詞匯熟練巧記,不信嘗試嘗試 例如: English is difficult to study ( learn ). = To learn English well is difficult / hard .= It is difficult / hard to study/ learn English well .點津:請看2016年高考全國卷III第26題: I like getting up very early in summer. the morning air is so good _________ . A . to be breathed B . to breathe C . breathing D . being breathed 解析:在系表結(jié)構(gòu)中,表語形容詞為常見的good, light, heavy, difficult等時,常用不定式的主動形式表示被動含義,這時不定式的動詞要用及物動詞,如果為不及物動詞,則要接介詞,主語與不定式動詞間為動賓關(guān)系。
Key : B三、虛擬語氣與迪斯科 解讀: 看到這個標(biāo)題,或許你會感到莫名其妙虛擬語氣怎么和“迪斯科”能聯(lián)到一起?要解此“謎”,請先看句子: 1. He suggested that we (should) hold a meeting tonight.他建議我們今晚舉行會議 2. It is suggested that we ( should ) hold a meeting tonight.有人建議今晚舉行會議 句1中的賓語從句和句2中的主語從句用的都是虛擬語氣 高中英語課本這樣說:“在動詞suggest, demand, insist, order 等詞后的賓語從句中一般用虛擬語氣換句話說,英語虛擬語氣的用法之一,是在上述表示請求, 命令, 建議等動詞后的賓語蔥郁(如句1或主語從句如句2)中,還有表語和同位語從句中,謂語動詞要用動詞原形或should+動詞原形這種用法不難掌握,難的是怎樣記住這幾個常用詞你不妨用大家熟悉的“DISCO”(迪斯科)這一舞名來幫助記憶 “DISCO”這個詞的每一個字母代表著一個動詞,只要記住了它,就可以聯(lián)想到以下幾個常用動詞:demand要求; insist堅持; suggest建議; command命令; order命令等等。
這種記憶方法要比逐個記憶上述動詞容易有趣得多四、現(xiàn)-過,過將;過-過完,過將完;將-過將,過將 解讀:虛擬語氣是一個復(fù)雜難學(xué)的語法現(xiàn)象,學(xué)生很難把握重要的動詞結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)將虛擬語氣的“三相反”變化概括為三句口訣:現(xiàn)-過,過將;過-過完,過將完;將-過將,過將意即:對現(xiàn)在條件的虛擬,從句的謂語動詞用過去時,主句的謂語動詞用用過去將來時;對過去條件的虛擬,從句的謂語動詞用過去完成時,主句的謂語動詞用過去將來完成時;對將來條件的虛擬,從句及主句的謂語動詞均用過去將來時例如: If I knew her telephone number, I would phone her. (虛擬現(xiàn)在) If I had known her telephone number, I would have phoned her earlier. (虛擬過去) If I should/ were to know her telephone number, I would phone her. (虛擬將來) 在執(zhí)教的過程中,我將這個口訣告訴學(xué)生,收到了頗佳的效果五、復(fù)合倒裝句巧記在英語復(fù)合句中能夠引起倒裝句式詞頗多,為了便于記憶,我編撰了一個諧音詞即Naoshi(鬧市)。
字母n代表not, no, never, nor, neither, no more等否定詞,:例如:Not a single mistake did he make in the exams.字母a代表as, as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時,必須將句子的表語, 狀語等提到主語前, 例如:Manager as she is , she remains modest.字母o代表only引導(dǎo)的副詞短語,介詞短語,狀語從句等至于句首時,主謂語必須倒裝.例如:Only then did I realize how serious my mistake was. 字母s代表so(也)/so +adv./ adj.+ 倒裝+that…的句式,例如:He speaks English, so does his wife./ So clever is he that he can solve such a difficult problem. 字母h代表hardly…when…,例如:Hardly had he entered the room when the telephone rang. 字母i代表if, 在虛擬語氣中,省略if時,從句的主語和謂語必須倒裝,例如:Were I you, I would study even harder./ Had I known her telephone number, I would have phoned her earlier./ _____fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.( NMET最新湖北高考卷)(A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be )Key: B 。
但在復(fù)合句中的倒裝要遵循下列規(guī)則的:解讀: NB(not only…but also…)前倒后不倒 ; ONU(only; not until…)主倒從不倒 ;2N(neither…nor…) 前倒后亦倒 ; NM(no matter…) 前后均不倒 例如:Only when the war was over did the young soldier return to his hometown.高考回放:1.---- snacks and drinks but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. ( 最近年上海卷 )A.Not only they brought B. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring2.Only then _____ how much damage had been caused .( 最新 陜西卷)A. had she realized B. she realized C. did she realize D. she had realized3.Not until the motorbike looked almost new ____ repairing and cleaning it .( 最新山東卷 )A.he stopped B. did he stop C. stopped he D. he did stop4.Bill was not happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and ____. ( 最新遼寧卷 )A.I was neither B. neither was I C. I was either D. either was I。
