西南交通大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 第38頁(yè)摘要 鄰苯二甲酸二辛酯,簡(jiǎn)稱DOP分 子 式：C24H38O4 是重要的通用型增塑劑，是目前國(guó)內(nèi)外用量最大的增塑劑之一，廣泛用于橡膠、塑料和醫(yī)藥工業(yè)用途廣泛，在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中占有十分重要的地位經(jīng)過(guò)分析比較各種生產(chǎn)原料、合成工藝后，本設(shè)計(jì)工藝流程是采用串聯(lián)多釜反應(yīng)器連續(xù)酯化技術(shù)，催化劑是采用氧化鋁與辛酸亞錫以1：1比例復(fù)配催化劑年產(chǎn)8萬(wàn)噸鄰苯二甲酸二辛酯，以滿足國(guó)內(nèi)需求本設(shè)計(jì)遵循“技術(shù)成熟，工藝先進(jìn)、設(shè)備配置科學(xué)、環(huán)保安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)效益”等原則，在比較國(guó)內(nèi)外各種先進(jìn)生產(chǎn)方法、工藝流程和設(shè)備配置基礎(chǔ)上，選用是從苯酐和異辛醇出發(fā)經(jīng)過(guò)酯化反應(yīng)、脫醇、精制得到產(chǎn)品的工藝路線生產(chǎn)鄰苯二甲酸二辛酯設(shè)計(jì)的重點(diǎn)是生產(chǎn)工藝設(shè)計(jì)論證、工藝計(jì)算及設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)選型，附有帶控制點(diǎn)的工藝流程圖，主要生產(chǎn)設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸圖，生產(chǎn)車間的設(shè)備配置圖最后部分考慮環(huán)境保護(hù)和勞動(dòng)安全，以達(dá)到減少“三廢”排放，加強(qiáng)“三廢”治理，確保安全生產(chǎn)，消除并盡可能減少工廠生產(chǎn)對(duì)職工的傷害關(guān)鍵詞：DOP 異辛醇 苯酐 工藝設(shè)計(jì) 工藝計(jì)算 設(shè)備選型 AbstractDioctyl phthalate ,referred to as DOP, Molecular Formula: C24H38O4 .It is important to general-purpose plasticizer and has become the largest amount used of plasticizerthe at home and abroad, now it is widely used in rubber, plastics and pharmaceutical industry, plays an important role in the national economy. After analysis and comparison of various raw materials, synthesis, the design process is the use of multi-tank reactors in series continuous esterification technology, the catalyst is alumina with a 1:1 ratio of Sn catalyst compound annual output of 100,000 tons Dioctyl phthalate, to meet domestic demand. The design follows the "mature technology, advanced technology, equipment configuration scientific, environmental safety, economic efficiency," the principle of reciprocity. After comparing domestic and foreign advanced production methods, process and equipment configuration , the choices are starting from phthalic anhydride and iso-octanol after esterification, de alcohol, refined by product line production process octyl phthalate. Design for production process design argument, the design of facilities and process selection, with a flow chart with control points, the main production equipment and size chart, workshop equipment configuration diagram. The last part is about environmental protection and labor safety, in order to achieve reduction of the "three wastes" emissions, strengthen the "three wastes" treatment, to ensure safe production purposes. Key word: DOP Ethylhexanol Phthalic Process Design Process Calculation Equipment Selection 目錄一．總論 71．概述 71.1增塑劑DOP的性質(zhì) 71.2產(chǎn)品用途 71.3DOP在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的重要性 71.4 DOP的市場(chǎng)需求 82．設(shè)計(jì)的目的和意義 83．設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)和原則 83.1設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù) 83.2設(shè)計(jì)原則 84．設(shè)計(jì)范圍 95．DOP生產(chǎn)能力及產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 9 5.1生產(chǎn)能力 9 5.2產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 9二．生產(chǎn)工藝流程設(shè)計(jì)與論證 ………………………………………………10 1．生產(chǎn)工藝選擇與論證………………………………………………10 2．工藝參數(shù)的確定……………………………………………………11 2.1酯化工序 .........................................11 2.2中和、洗滌工序 ....................................11 2.3脫醇工序 ..........................................12 2.4干燥、過(guò)濾工序 ....................................12 3．產(chǎn)工藝流程圖及其說(shuō)明……………………………………………13 3.1 DOP生產(chǎn)工藝流程圖 …………………………………………13 3.2 生產(chǎn)工藝流程說(shuō)明……………………………………………13三．工藝計(jì)算 …………………………………………………………………141.物料衡算 ………………………………………………………………14 1.1設(shè)計(jì)生產(chǎn)能力 ……………………………………………………14 1.2二級(jí)酯化段釜1物料計(jì)算……………………………………… 15 1.3酯化工段物料衡結(jié)果 …………………………………………………16 2．熱量衡算…………………………………………………………………17四． 主要設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)與選型…………………………………………………………18 1．反應(yīng)釜的設(shè)計(jì)與選型 ……………………………………………………19 1.1反應(yīng)釜體積確定 ………………………………………………………19 1.2反應(yīng)釜高度與底面直徑 ………………………………………………20 1.3反應(yīng)釜溫度與壓力 ……………………………………………………20 1.4反應(yīng)釜壁厚度計(jì)算 ……………………………………………………21 1.5攪拌器的設(shè)計(jì)及選型 …………………………………………………22 1.5.1攪拌器型式適用條件表 ………………………………………23 1.5.2 攪拌器的選用及尺寸 ………………………………………23 1.5.3攪拌功率的計(jì)算 ………………………………………………23 1.6夾套傳熱面積的計(jì)算與核算 …………………………………………23 1.6.1 被攪拌液體側(cè)的對(duì)流傳熱系數(shù)………………………………23 1.6.2夾套冷卻水對(duì)流傳熱系數(shù) ……………………………………24 1.6.3夾套傳熱面積 …………………………………………………25 1.7 反應(yīng)釜的主要技術(shù)特性匯總 …………………………………………26 2．冷凝器的設(shè)計(jì)與選型 ………………………………………………………27 2.1選擇換熱器的類型 ……………………………………………………28 2.2流動(dòng)空間及流速的確定 ………………………………………………28 2.3傳熱面積的確定 ………………………………………………………28 2.4冷凝器工藝尺寸的計(jì)算 ………………………………………………29 2.4.1管子數(shù)n的確定 …………………………………………………29 2.4.2管子的排列方式，管間距的確定……………………………… 30 2.4.3 殼體直徑的確定 …………………………………………………30 2.4.4折流板 ……………………………………………………………30 2.4.5接管 ………………………………………………………………30 2.5.殼體厚度 ………………………………………………………………31 2.6換熱器封頭的確定 ……………………………………………………31 2.7容器法蘭的選擇 ………………………………………………………31 2.8開(kāi)孔補(bǔ)強(qiáng) ………………………………………………………………31 2.9支座 ……………………………………………………………………31 2.10冷凝器設(shè)計(jì)匯總 ………………………………………………………31五．環(huán)境保護(hù)與勞動(dòng)安全 .......................................... 321．DOP三廢處理............................................... 322.DOP安全生產(chǎn)................................................ 33六．設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果評(píng)析與總結(jié)........................................... 34致謝............................................................. 35參考文獻(xiàn) ...........................................................35附圖 1．帶控制點(diǎn)的工藝流程圖2． 主要生產(chǎn)設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸圖3． 換熱器結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖4． 生產(chǎn)車間的設(shè)備配置布置圖5． DOP廠房總布置圖一．總論1．概述1.1增塑劑DOP的性質(zhì) DOP化學(xué)名為鄰苯二甲酸二辛酯，是一個(gè)帶有支鏈的側(cè)鏈醇酯，無(wú)色油狀液體，有特殊氣味。

比重0.9861(20/20 ),熔點(diǎn)-55 ，沸點(diǎn)370 （常壓），不溶于水，溶于乙醇、乙醚、礦物油等大多數(shù)有機(jī)溶劑與二丁酯。